## SETS

In mathematics, Set is a well defined collection of distinct objects. The theory of Set as a mathematical discipline rose up with George Cantor, German mathematician, when he was working on some problems in Trigonometric series and series of real numbers, after he recognized the importance of some distinct collections and intervals.

Cantor defined the set as a ‘plurality conceived as a unity’ (many in one; in other words, mentally putting together a number of things and assigning them into one box).

Mathematically, a Set $S$ is ‘any collection’ of definite, distinguishable objects of our universe, conceived as a whole. The objects (or things) are called the elements or members of the set $S$ . Some sets which are often pronounced in real life are, words like ”bunch”, ”herd”, ”flock” etc. The set is a different entity from any of its members.

For example, a flock of birds (set) is not just only a single bird (member of the set). ‘Flock’ is just a mathematical concept with no material existence but ‘Bird’ or ‘birds’ are real.

## Representing sets

Sets are represented in two main ways:

## Irrational Numbers and The Proofs of their Irrationality

"Irrational numbers are those real numbers which are not rational numbers!" Def.1: Rational Number A rational number is a real number which can be expressed in the form of where $a$ and $b$ are both integers relatively prime to each other and $b$ being non-zero. Following two statements are equivalent to the definition 1. 1. $x=\frac{a}{b}$ is rational if and only if $a$ and $b$ are integers relatively prime to each other and \$…

## Numbers – The Basic Introduction

If mathematics was a language, logic was the grammar, numbers should have been the alphabet. There are many types of numbers we use in mathematics, but at a broader aspect we may categorize them in two categories: 1. Countable Numbers 2. Uncountable Numbers The numbers which can be counted in nature are called Countable Numbers and the numbers which can not be counted are called Uncountable Numbers. Well, this is not the correct way to classify the bunch of types…