# Education

Gaurav Tiwari is one of the top Education bloggers online, specializing in exam preparation, online learning and career development.

## Jablonski Diagram – Consequences of Light Absorption

All about the Light Absorption’s theory on the basis of Jablonski diagram. According to the Grotthus – Draper Law of photo-chemical activation: Only that light which is absorbed by a system, can bring a photo-chemical change. However it is not true that all the kind of light(s) that are absorbed could bring a photo-chemical change. The absorption of light may result in a number of other phenomena as

## Essential Steps of Problem Solving in Mathematical Sciences

Problem solving is more than just finding answers. Learning how to solve problems in mathematics is simply to know what to look for. Mathematics problems often require established procedures. To become a problem solver, one must know What, When and How to apply them. To identify procedures, you have to be familiar with the different problem situations. You must also be good at gathering information, extracting

## A Problem (and Solution) from Bhaskaracharya’s Lilavati

I was reading a book on ancient mathematics problems from Indian mathematicians. Here I wish to share one problem from Bhaskaracharya‘s famous creation Lilavati. Who was Bhaskaracharya? Bhaskara II, who is popularly known as Bhaskaracharya, was an Indian mathematician and astronomer from the 12th century. He’s especially known for the discovery of the fundamentals of differential calculus and its application to astronomical problems and computations. What

## Un-Popular circumstances connected with Most Popular, Theory of Relativity

Henry Poincaré was trying to save the Old classical theory of Physics by Suitable Adjustments & Modifications in it. When the experiments, like Michelson Morley Experiment, in search of the ether drift failed, it began to be increasingly realized that there was no such thing as an absolute or privileged frame of reference and that the basic laws of physics took the same form in all

## The Collatz Conjecture : Unsolved but Useless

The Collatz Conjecture is one of the Unsolved problems in mathematics, especially in Number Theory. The Collatz Conjecture is also termed as 3n+1 conjecture, Ulam Conjecture, Kakutani’s Problem, Thwaites Conjecture, Hasse’s Algorithm, Syracuse Problem. Statement: Start with any positive integer. • Halve it, if it is even. Or • triple it and add 1, if it is odd. If you keep repeating this procedure, you shall

## Dirichlet’s Theorem and Liouville’s Extension of Dirichlet’s Theorem

Topic Beta & Gamma functions Statement of Dirichlet’s Theorem $\int \int \int_{V} x^{l-1} y^{m-1} z^{n-1} dx dy ,dz = \frac { \Gamma {(l)} \Gamma {(m)} \Gamma {(n)} }{ \Gamma{(l+m+n+1)} }$ , where V is the region given by $x \ge 0 y \ge 0 z \ge 0 x+y+z \le 1$ . Brief Theory on Gamma and Beta Functions Gamma Function If we

## The Lindemann Theory of Unimolecular Reactions

In this article we will learn about the Lindemann Theory of Unimolecular Reactions which is also known as Lindemann-Hinshelwood mechanism. It is easy to understand a bimolecular reaction on the basis of collision theory. When two molecules A and B collide, their relative kinetic energy exceeds the threshold energy with the result that the collision results in the breaking of comes and the formation of new

## The Mystery of the Missing Money – One Rupee

Puzzle Two women were selling marbles in the market place — one at three for a Rupee and other at two for a Rupee. One day both of then were obliged to return home when each had thirty marbles unsold. They put together the two lots of marbles and handing them over to a friend asked her to sell then at five for 2 Rupees. According

## Understanding Poincare Conjecture

In 1904, the french Mathematician Henri Poincaré (en-US: Henri Poincare) posed an epoch-making question, which later came to be termed as Poincare Conjecture, in one of his papers, which asked: If a three-dimensional shape is simply connected, is it homeomorphic to the three-dimensional sphere? Henri Poincare – 1904 So what does it really mean? How can a regular math reader understand what poincare conjecture is and

## Cosmic Radiation – East West Effect -Discovery of Positron- Cosmic Ray Showers

Cosmic Rays or Cosmic Radiation Soon after 1900 it was shown by scientists that the air in an ionisation chamber, which was completely protected against penetration of α , β and γ rays, by surrounding it with thick lead walls, was still conductive; and it was thought that the inns causing this conductivity were produced by some rays coming from an unknown source. In 1911, Hess

## Rayleigh-Jeans Law & The Ultraviolet Catastrophe

Lord Rayleigh made an attempt to explain the energy distribution in black body radiation, which was completed by Jeans in 1900. The results obtained by then are known as Rayleigh-Jeans’ Rules on Black Body Radiation. The law covering these rules is called Rayleigh Jean’s Law. The black body emits radiation of continuously variable wavelengths right from zero to infinite. This radiation can be imagined as broken

## Wein’s Formula & Wein’s Laws

Various workers tried to explain the problem of energy distribution in black body radiation and finally the problem was successfully solved by German Physicist Max Planck. Before him, German Physicist Wilhelm Wein and British Physicist Lord Rayleigh & James Jean have tackled this problem and have given important laws. In fact, the work of their scientists paved the way for Planck to give his famous theory

## Albert Einstein and His introduction to the Concept of Relativity

Albert Einstein This name need not be explained. Albert Einstein is considered to be one of the best physicists in the human history. The twentieth century has undoubtedly been the most significant for the advance of science, in general, and Physics, in particular. And Einstein is the most illuminated star of the 20th century. He literally created an upheaval in quick succession, in the year 1905,

## Derivative of x squared is 2x or x ? Where is the fallacy?

We all know that the derivative of $x^2$ is 2x. But what if someone proves it to be just x?

## Solving Ramanujan’s Puzzling Problem

Consider a sequence of functions as follows:- $f_1 (x) = \sqrt {1+\sqrt {x} }$ $f_2 (x) = \sqrt{1+ \sqrt {1+2 \sqrt {x} } }$ $f_3 (x) = \sqrt {1+ \sqrt {1+2 \sqrt {1+3 \sqrt {x} } } }$ ……and so on to \$ f_n (x) = \sqrt {1+\sqrt{1+2 \sqrt {1+3 \sqrt {\ldots \sqrt {1+n \sqrt {x} } } } }

## Its a Mystery! – Simulacrum in Eagle Nebula

This is one of the top mysteries of universe.

## 20 Most Endangered Rivers in the World

Well in today’s era where we all are just running to meet our deadlines and progressing at a massive rate, we are forgetting that we are mere tenants on this planet Earth. It is so aching to see natural water bodies dying just because of human intervention and growing industrialization. At times the situation is so much worse that it paves the way for natural calamities

## Introduction to the Universe

Stars The universe is vast and amazing. There are many millions of trillions of stars in the sky, most of them being bigger than our sun. Stars account for 98% of the matter in a galaxy. The rest of 2% consists of interstellar or galactic gas & dust in a very attenuated form. The normal density of interstellar gas throughout the galaxy is about one tenth